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Causal Association of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Univariable and Multivariable

Xiaobo Guo1, Kui Zhang1, Yiping Sun1

  • 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|November 1, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is linked to a lower risk of heart failure but a higher risk of atrial fibrillation. Further research is needed to understand these cardiovascular disease (CVD) connections.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The causal link between chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unclear.
  • Investigating this relationship is crucial for understanding disease pathways and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between CVI and various CVDs using a robust analytical approach.
  • To explore the genetic underpinnings of CVI and its association with cardiovascular health.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing genetic data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • Applied multiple MR methods including inverse-variance-weighted, weighted median, Egger regression, MR-PRESSO, and RAPS for robust estimation.
  • Utilized multivariable MR (MVMR) to account for potential confounding factors such as obesity and smoking.

Main Results:

  • Genetically predicted CVI showed a significant association with reduced heart failure risk (OR=0.96, p=0.025) and increased atrial fibrillation risk (OR=1.06, p=0.0002).
  • These associations were attenuated after adjusting for confounders in the MVMR analysis.
  • No significant causal links were observed between CVI and hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, or stroke.

Conclusions:

  • The MR analysis suggests a potential association between CVI and specific cardiovascular diseases, notably heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring CVI in patients with or at risk for these cardiovascular conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Mendelian randomizationatrial fibrillationcardiovascular diseaseschronic venous insufficiencyheart failure

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