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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Correlating Gene-specific DNA Methylation Changes with Expression and Transcriptional Activity of Astrocytic KCNJ10 Kir4.1
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Accelerated Epigenetic Aging is Associated with Faster Glaucoma Progression: A DNA Methylation Study.

Felipe A Medeiros, Achintya Varma, Alessandro A Jammal

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |November 1, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    Accelerated epigenetic aging, measured by DNA methylation, is linked to faster glaucoma progression. This suggests biological age may be a prognostic biomarker for optic nerve damage in glaucoma patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Epigenetics
    • Aging Research

    Background:

    • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
    • Understanding factors influencing glaucoma progression is crucial for patient management.
    • Epigenetic age, reflecting biological aging, is a novel area of research with potential implications for age-related diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between epigenetic age acceleration and the rate of glaucoma progression.
    • To determine if epigenetic age can serve as a prognostic biomarker for glaucoma.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective cohort study of 200 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients (100 fast progressors, 100 slow progressors).
    • Epigenetic age calculated using Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and GrimAge clocks from DNA methylation profiles.
    • Age acceleration (AgeAccel) defined as residual of epigenetic age on chronological age.
    • Multivariable logistic regression used to assess the association between AgeAccel and fast glaucoma progression.

    Main Results:

    • Fast glaucoma progressors exhibited significantly greater age acceleration compared to slow progressors using Horvath and Hannum clocks.
    • Each year of Horvath AgeAccel was associated with a 15% increased odds of fast glaucoma progression (OR 1.15, P<0.001), after adjusting for confounders.
    • Hannum and GrimAge clocks also showed significant associations with fast progression; association was stronger with lower intraocular pressure.

    Conclusions:

    • Accelerated epigenetic aging is significantly associated with faster glaucoma progression.
    • These findings suggest that biological age, as indicated by DNA methylation patterns, may influence optic nerve susceptibility to damage.
    • Epigenetic age acceleration emerges as a potential prognostic biomarker for glaucoma progression.