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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury
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Brain damage caused by status epilepticus: A prospective MRI study.

P Bosque Varela1, L Machegger2, J Steinbacher2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Austria.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|November 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Status epilepticus (SE) can cause brain volume loss, particularly with longer seizure durations. Follow-up MRIs revealed atrophy in some patients, indicating lasting neurological consequences.

Keywords:
Brain volume lossCerebral atrophyClinical outcomesMRINeuroimagingSE durationStatus epilepticusperi-ictal MRI abnormalities

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Status epilepticus (SE) is a severe neurological condition associated with neuronal death.
  • Investigating SE's impact on brain volume and atrophy is crucial for understanding long-term consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the dynamic of peri-ictal MRI abnormalities (PMA) in SE patients.
  • To assess the association between SE duration, clinical outcomes, and brain atrophy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 590 adult SE patients.
  • Follow-up MRIs at one week and one month to assess PMA reversibility.
  • Voxel-based morphometry used to measure diffuse brain volume changes over four weeks.

Main Results:

  • 44% of patients showed PMA; 47% of these had persistent abnormalities.
  • Focal atrophy, primarily in the hippocampus, was observed in 42% of patients with persistent PMA.
  • 85% of patients with serial MRIs showed decreased diffuse brain volume (median 16% reduction).
  • Longer SE duration and hospitalization correlated with greater brain volume loss.

Conclusions:

  • A proportion of SE patients experience cerebral volume loss.
  • This volume loss is associated with longer SE duration and worse outcomes.
  • Findings suggest SE can lead to lasting brain atrophy, but underlying etiologies require further investigation.