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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Study protocol for a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial to decrease alcohol use before and after

Xintong Ju1, Jake Solka1, Estevan Pena1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates adaptive interventions, including Virtual Health Coaching, to reduce high-risk alcohol use in surgical patients. The goal is to improve postoperative recovery and long-term health outcomes.

Keywords:
Adaptive interventionAlcohol useElective surgeryPostoperative recoverySequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART)

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Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Surgical patient care
  • Behavioral health interventions

Background:

  • High-risk alcohol consumption perioperatively presents significant risks to surgical recovery.
  • Elective surgical patients often lack access to alcohol-focused education and treatment.
  • This study protocol addresses the need for effective interventions to mitigate perioperative alcohol risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of brief, non-pharmacological, therapeutic approaches to reduce alcohol use before and after surgery.
  • To compare preoperative Virtual Health Coaching (VHC) with Enhanced Usual Care (EUC) in reducing high-risk alcohol use.
  • To identify optimal postoperative strategies for sustained alcohol use reduction over 12 months.

Main Methods:

  • The Alcohol Screening and Preoperative Intervention Research (ASPIRE-2) study employs a Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART) design.
  • 440 elective, non-cancer surgery patients (ages 21-75) reporting high-risk alcohol use are included.
  • Adaptive interventions involve preoperative VHC or EUC, followed by tailored postoperative strategies based on patient response.

Main Results:

  • The study aims to determine the effectiveness of adaptive interventions in reducing perioperative alcohol consumption.
  • It seeks to identify the most successful postoperative strategies for long-term alcohol use reduction.
  • Secondary aims include identifying moderators of intervention effectiveness and evaluating surgical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The ASPIRE-2 study introduces an innovative adaptive intervention approach for perioperative alcohol reduction.
  • This research addresses the critical need to manage alcohol use risks associated with elective surgery.
  • The findings are expected to inform clinical practice and improve surgical patient outcomes.