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Functional connectivity changes in males with nicotine addiction: A triple network model study.

Jieping Sun1, Huiyu Huang1, Jinghan Dang1

  • 1Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Henan Province, China.

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Nicotine addiction is linked to altered brain network connectivity, specifically in the default mode and executive control networks. These functional changes may serve as neurobiological markers for addiction and predict behavioral shifts.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Nicotine addiction (NA) is a major neurobehavioral disorder with significant societal impact.
  • Altered functional network connectivity (FNC) in specific brain networks is hypothesized to underlie the neurobiology of NA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional network connectivity (FNC) differences in brain networks between individuals with nicotine addiction (NA) and normal controls (NC).
  • To explore the relationship between FNC abnormalities and clinical assessments of nicotine addiction.
  • To identify potential neurobiological markers for nicotine addiction.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI data from 47 individuals with NA and 35 NC were analyzed.
  • Sliding window analysis assessed static FNC, standard deviation (SD), and coefficient of variation (CV) in the default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and salience network (SN).
  • Participants with NA were categorized into addiction tendency (AT), withdrawal tendency (WT), and stable tendency (ST) based on longitudinal Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) changes.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with NA showed reduced static FNC between the dorsal DMN and right ECN, with increased SD and CV.
  • Increased SD was observed in the dorsal DMN and left ECN.
  • FNC alterations correlated with smoking-related assessments, including the Russell Smoking Reasons Questionnaire (RRSQ) and longitudinal FTND changes, particularly in the WT subgroup.

Conclusions:

  • Observed alterations in DMN and ECN functional connectivity may precede behavioral changes in nicotine addiction.
  • These FNC changes represent potential neurobiological markers for nicotine addiction.