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Related Concept Videos

Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
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Reliability of a novel neck external loading dynamometer.

Marc Julia1, Loic Damm2, Simon Pla2

  • 1EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, France.

Journal of Biomechanics
|November 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Cervistab device reliably measures neck extensor muscle responses to sudden head movements, crucial for understanding and preventing rugby head and neck injuries.

Keywords:
Cervical reflexConcussionHead and neck injuryMuscleRugby

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Neuromuscular Physiology

Background:

  • Head and neck injuries are a significant concern in rugby.
  • Assessing neck muscle response to perturbations is vital for injury prevention.
  • A validated device for measuring neck extensor response to flexion is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the reliability of the Cervistab device.
  • To assess the neck extensor muscle response to a flexion perturbation.
  • To evaluate the device's utility in understanding neck stability and injury prevention.

Main Methods:

  • The Cervistab electro-pneumatic device was used to create flexion push-loading events.
  • Twelve healthy volunteers participated in a test-retest protocol over 7 days.
  • Measurements included muscle mechanical latency and rates of force development under 20% and 50% preloading.

Main Results:

  • Cervistab demonstrated good reliability for muscle mechanical latency (ICC 0.81-0.88, CV 3.5%).
  • Non-reflex and reflex rates of force development also showed good reliability (ICC 0.78-0.89).
  • Bland and Altman analysis indicated no significant bias, supporting measurement consistency.

Conclusions:

  • The Cervistab device provides reliable measurements of neck extensor muscle responses.
  • This device can enhance understanding of neuromechanical factors in neck stability.
  • Cervistab may aid in preventing head/neck injuries and guiding return-to-play decisions in rugby.