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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Research Methodology
  • Data Integrity

Background:

  • Online survey tools have advanced, increasing their use for research, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Many researchers lack awareness of the prevalence and detection methods for survey questionnaire fraud.
  • This study addresses the gap in knowledge regarding online survey fraud through practical experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and sophisticated nature of fraud in online survey research.
  • To share lessons learned from a large-scale online survey experiencing substantial fraud.
  • To emphasize the importance of robust fraud detection strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from an online survey of families' experiences with COVID-19 across four U.S. sites.
  • Identification of fraudulent responses based on indicators such as duplicate IP addresses and concurrent start/end times.
  • Qualitative review of researcher experiences to understand fraud patterns.

Main Results:

  • Over 70% of collected responses were flagged as fraudulent.
  • Duplicate IP addresses and concurrent start/end times were the most common fraud indicators.
  • The study underscores the sophisticated tactics employed in online survey fraud.

Conclusions:

  • Online survey fraud poses a significant challenge to research integrity.
  • Implementing multi-pronged strategies is crucial for detecting and mitigating online survey fraud.
  • Researchers must be vigilant and prepared to address fraudulent data in online research.