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Updated: Jun 8, 2025
Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: March 7, 2025
Urease inhibitors for the treatment of H. pylori
Özlen Güzel-Akdemir1, Atilla Akdemir2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beyazit/Istanbul, Turkey.
Introduction:
Helicobacter pylori infects almost half of the World population. Although many infected people are symptom free, the microorganism can still cause a variety of gastrointestinal disorders and gastric adenocarcinoma. It is considered a priority pathogen for the development of new antibiotics by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Many virulence factors of H. pylori have been described. This paper will on H. pylori Urease (HPU).
Area Covered:
This paper will discuss the (patho)physiology and structure of HPU. In addition, urease inhibitors with known activity against the HPU or inhibitors that show H. pylori growth inhibition will be discussed.
Expert Opinion:
Increase in selectivity, affinity and potency of HPU inhibitors can be achieved by the design of compounds that interact with distinct regions within the enzyme active site. Especially, covalent interactions seem promising as they clearly effect the dose requirement of the drug candidate.
Insights
Helicobacter pylori urease (HPU) is a key virulence factor in a common bacterial infection. This review explores HPU
Area of Science:
- Microbiology and Biochemistry
- Drug Discovery
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori infects nearly half the global population, causing gastrointestinal issues and gastric cancer.
- H. pylori is a WHO priority pathogen, necessitating new antibiotic development.
- H. pylori urease (HPU) is a critical virulence factor contributing to pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the (patho)physiology and structure of H. pylori urease (HPU).
- To discuss current urease inhibitors and their efficacy against HPU and H. pylori growth.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of HPU structure, function, and inhibition.
- Analysis of existing and potential urease inhibitors.
Main Results:
- HPU structure and its role in H. pylori survival and virulence are detailed.
- Various urease inhibitors are discussed, highlighting their activity against HPU.
- The potential of covalent inhibitors for enhanced potency and selectivity is explored.
Conclusions:
- Targeting HPU is a promising strategy for combating H. pylori infections.
- Inhibitor design focusing on active site interactions, particularly covalent modifications, can improve drug efficacy.
- Further research into novel HPU inhibitors is crucial for developing new treatments.
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