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Summary
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Electroretinography (ERG) shows abnormal retinal bipolar cell function in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with moderate-severe disability. However, ERG is not distinct from earlier disease findings and unlikely useful for MS monitoring or prognostication.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves neurodegeneration, necessitating reliable functional markers.
  • Previous studies indicated electroretinography (ERG) changes in early MS, particularly bipolar cell dysfunction.
  • The utility of ERG in advanced MS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate electroretinography (ERG) as a potential outcome measure in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and moderate-to-severe disability (EDSS ≥3.0).
  • To compare ERG findings in pwMS with and without a history of optic neuritis (ON) against healthy controls (HC).
  • To assess the influence of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disease duration, ON, and treatment on ERG outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional observational study comparing pwMS (EDSS ≥3.0) and HC participants.
  • Utilized ERG, optical coherence tomography, visual acuity testing, and ophthalmological examinations.
  • Analyzed ERG parameters, including dark-adapted 3.0 b-wave and light-adapted flicker, in relation to clinical and disease characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Delayed peak times for dark-adapted 3.0 b-wave and light-adapted flicker ERG were observed in MS eyes, irrespective of ON history.
  • No significant correlations were found between ERG abnormalities and EDSS score, disease duration, ON history, or treatment status.
  • Exploratory analyses showed no discernible effects of MS phenotype or disease activity on ERG findings.

Conclusions:

  • ERG reveals abnormalities in retinal bipolar cell function in pwMS with moderate-to-severe disability.
  • These ERG findings are consistent with those seen in earlier stages of MS.
  • ERG is unlikely to be a valuable tool for monitoring disease progression or for prognostication in MS.