Single organic electrode for multi-system dual-ion symmetric batteries

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Organic Electronics

Background:

• Organic electrodes offer large void spaces for versatile ion storage.
• Designing stable organic materials is crucial for advanced battery technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and synthesize a small-molecule organic bipolar electrode for diverse ion accommodation.
• To evaluate the electrochemical performance of the designed electrode in Li, Na, and K-based batteries.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of diquinoxalino[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-2,6,10-tris(phenoxazine) (DQPZ-3PXZ).
• Electrochemical testing in Li/Na/K-based half and dual-ion symmetric cells.
• Long-term cycling stability assessment.

Main Results:

• DQPZ-3PXZ demonstrated stable hosting of five different counter ions (Li+, Na+, K+, PF6-, FSI-).
• Achieved high peak discharge capacities (257/243/253 mAh g-1) and energy densities (609/530/572 Wh kg-1) in half cells.
• Dual-ion batteries exhibited stable capacities (85/66/72 mAh g-1) and energy densities (59/50/52 Wh kg-1) over 15,000 cycles with excellent capacity retention.

Conclusions:

• The designed DQPZ-3PXZ is a robust organic bipolar electrode capable of accommodating multiple ion types.
• This material shows significant promise for high-performance and long-lasting Li, Na, and K-based dual-ion batteries.