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Highly Selective, Room-Temperature Triethylamine Sensor Using Humidity-Resistant Novel TiZn Alloy

Hajeesh Kumar Vikraman1, Jeena George1, Rahul Suresh Ghuge1

  • 1Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.

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Novel titanium-zinc alloy nanoparticles on molybdenum disulfide nanosheets offer ultra-selective and sensitive triethylamine (TEA) vapor detection at room temperature. This advancement enables practical Internet of Things (IoT) environmental monitoring sensors.

Keywords:
IoTMoS₂ nanosheetsTiZn alloyVOCschemiresistive sensorfermi‐level pinningtriethylamine

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Developing high-performance, room-temperature sensors for environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industrial safety is crucial for Internet of Things (IoT) integration.
  • Conventional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) like MoS₂ have limitations; noble metals and high-entropy alloys (HEAs) offer improvements but are costly and complex to fabricate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective, humidity-insensitive sensor for ultra-selective and highly sensitive triethylamine (TEA) vapor detection at room temperature.
  • To investigate the potential of binary alloy nanoparticles as decorative materials for enhancing sensor performance.

Main Methods:

  • Decoration of MoS₂ nanosheets with novel phase Ti₀.₅Zn₀.₅ (TiZn) alloy nanoparticles (MoS₂_NP).
  • Room-temperature (RT) testing of the MoS₂_NP sensor for triethylamine (TEA) vapor detection.
  • Analysis of sensor performance metrics including response, sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, humidity interference, and detection limit.
  • Investigation of underlying mechanisms including catalytic activity, defect concentration, edge oxidation, Fermi-level pinning, and adsorption energy.

Main Results:

  • The MoS₂_NP sensor demonstrated a 24-fold increase in response compared to bare MoS₂, with a high signal-to-noise ratio and negligible humidity interference.
  • Achieved a sensitivity of 9.92 × 10⁻⁵ ppm⁻¹ at RT and a detection limit of 48 ppm for TEA.
  • Enhanced catalytic activity, defect concentration, reduced edge oxidation, and strong Fermi-level pinning contributed to target gas-specific responses.
  • Developed a TEA detection prototype interfaced with a mobile device via IoT for continuous monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Multifunctional TiZn alloy nanoparticle-decorated MoS₂ nanosheets offer superior performance for room-temperature TEA vapor sensing.
  • Binary alloy nanoparticles are effective decorative materials for enhancing the performance of 2D material-based sensors.
  • The developed sensor technology has significant potential for practical IoT-enabled environmental and safety monitoring applications.