Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 8, 2025
Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
Published on: August 7, 2017
Environmental factors and the incidence of pediatric epistaxis: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Alireza Sharifi1, Peter H Hwang2, Mohaddeseh Zojaji3
1Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Amir A'lam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
A growing body of literature explores environmental risk factors for pediatric epistaxis, yielding variable results. We aim to clarify these associations through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods:
PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, Web of Science, Medline, Google Scholars, and Embase were systematically searched up to April 2024. Eligible articles were reviewed, and the quality was assessed. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to clarify correlations between the incidence of epistaxis and multiple environmental factors according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results:
A total of 8 studies, comprising 55,176 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of epistaxis peaked during the summer months (Proportion = 12.73 %, CI: 9.629 %-16.201 %). Significant risk factors included environmental variables elevated in the summer, including higher monthly mean temperatures, increased sunlight exposure, elevated O3 levels, and lower atmospheric pressure. In contrast, factors like mean monthly humidity, wind speed, SO2, CO, NO2, and PM-10 levels were not associated with an increased risk of epistaxis.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis underscores the significant impact of multiple environmental factors, particularly those more pronounced during the summer months, on the incidence of pediatric epistaxis.
More Related Videos
05:50International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
Published on: March 12, 2020
10:11Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
Published on: October 22, 2014
Related Concept Videos
01:30Epistaxis
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
01:19Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...