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Updated: Jun 8, 2025
Implantation and Evaluation of Melanoma in the Murine Choroid via Optical Coherence Tomography
Published on: December 2, 2022
SGSM2 in Uveal Melanoma: Implications for Survival, Immune Infiltration, and Drug Sensitivity
Demao Liang1, Qiuli Zhang1, Yanhua Pang1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China.
Background:
The abnormal expression of small G protein signaling modulator 2 (SGSM2) is related to the occurrence of thyroid cancer and breast cancer. However, the role of SGSM2 in uveal melanoma (UVM) is unclear.
Objects:
To elucidate this ambiguity, our study utilized bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.
Methods:
The expression of SGSM2 was detected in UVM cell lines through quantitative real-- time PCR (qRT-PCR). We utilized the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to assess the relationship between SGSM2 expression and clinical characteristics, as well as its prognostic significance in UVM. Furthermore, the study examined potential regulatory networks involving SGSM2 in relation to immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, microsatellite instability (MSI), and drug sensitivity in UVM. The study also examined SGSM2 expression in UVM single-cell sequencing data.
Results:
SGSM2 was highly expressed in UVM cell lines. Moreover, elevated levels of SGSM2 in UVM patients were significantly linked to poorer overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001), progress- free survival (PFS) (p < 0.001), and disease-specific survival (DSS) (p < 0.001). Additionally, SGSM2 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor in UVM patients (p < 0.001). SGSM2 was associated with several pathways, including the calcium signaling pathway, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and others. The study revealed that SGSM2 expression in UVM is linked to immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and MSI. Additionally, a significant inverse correlation was observed between SGSM2 expression and the compounds GSK690693, TL-2-105, PHA-793887, Tubastatin A, and SB52334 in UVM patients.
Conclusion:
SGSM2 may not only serve as an important indicator for prognostic assessment. Still, it may also be a key target for the development of new therapeutic approaches, providing new perspectives on the treatment of UVM patients.
Insights
Small G protein signaling modulator 2 (SGSM2) is highly expressed in uveal melanoma (UVM) and linked to poor survival. SGSM2 may be a prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for UVM treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Abnormal small G protein signaling modulator 2 (SGSM2) expression is implicated in thyroid and breast cancers.
- The role of SGSM2 in uveal melanoma (UVM) remains largely uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression, prognostic value, and regulatory networks of SGSM2 in uveal melanoma.
- To explore SGSM2's potential as a therapeutic target in UVM.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to detect SGSM2 expression in UVM cell lines.
- Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for SGSM2 expression, clinical characteristics, and survival data.
- Examination of SGSM2's association with immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, microsatellite instability (MSI), and drug sensitivity using bioinformatics and single-cell sequencing data.
Main Results:
- SGSM2 was highly expressed in UVM cell lines and patient tumors.
- Elevated SGSM2 expression correlated significantly with poorer overall survival, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival in UVM patients.
- SGSM2 expression was associated with immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, MSI, and specific drug sensitivities, and identified as an independent prognostic factor.
Conclusions:
- SGSM2 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker for UVM.
- SGSM2 represents a promising therapeutic target for developing novel treatment strategies for uveal melanoma.
