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Related Concept Videos

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
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Related Experiment Video

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Developmental encoding of natural sounds in the mouse auditory cortex.

Stefano Zucca1,2, Chiara La Rosa1,2, Tommaso Fellin3

  • 1Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology (DBIOS), University of Turin, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|November 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Mice auditory cortex neurons respond to ultrasonic vocalizations as early as postnatal day 12. These early responses form functional subnetworks, crucial for developing social communication in young mice.

Keywords:
auditory cortexmouse communicationspontaneous activitytwo-photon calcium imagingultrasonic vocalizations

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Mice use ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) for social behaviors.
  • Auditory cortex (ACx) processes USVs in adults, but early-life representation is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the early neuronal representation of USVs in the developing mouse auditory cortex.
  • Characterize the developmental trajectory of ACx responses to USVs and other auditory stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo two-photon calcium imaging in mouse auditory cortex layer 2/3.
  • Analysis of neuronal responses to USVs, pure tones, and modulated sweeps from postnatal day 12 (P12) to P21.

Main Results:

  • ACx neurons responded to USV syllables as early as P12-P13, with increasing responsiveness over time.
  • By P14, pure tone responses showed frequency preference, but not syllable preference.
  • USVs, pure tones, and sweeps activated largely non-overlapping neuronal clusters at P14.
  • Neurons responding to the same stimulus maintained correlated spontaneous activity, forming functional subnetworks.

Conclusions:

  • The mouse auditory cortex develops the capacity to represent USVs early in life.
  • Functional subnetworks for auditory processing emerge during early development.
  • These findings provide insights into the neural basis of developing social communication.