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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

150
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
150
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

142
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
142
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

175
Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
175
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

129
Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
129
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

135
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
135
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

154
Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
154

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[Characterisation of hypobaric hypoxia at 2240 metres above sea level].

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Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets
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[Pulmonary Hypertension Centers].

Luis Efren Santos-Martínez1

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Cardiología, Servicio de Hipertensión Pulmonar y Corazón Derecho. Ciudad de México, México.

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|November 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH), including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), are crucial for patient survival. The Mexican Social Security Institute aims to improve PH care by proposing specialized departments to overcome geographical access challenges.

Keywords:
Delivery of Health CarePractice GuidelinePulmonary CirculationPulmonary Hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) encompasses severe forms like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving patient survival rates in PH.
  • The Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) has established expertise and a dedicated Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Heart department.

Discussion:

  • Despite existing expertise, IMSS faces challenges in providing timely medical coverage across Mexico's vast territory.
  • Prolonged care times due to geographical barriers necessitate a re-evaluation of current healthcare structures.
  • The current infrastructure may not be sufficient to meet the growing demand for specialized PH care.

Key Insights:

  • The IMSS has developed a successful, viable, and versatile structural proposal for PH and right heart care.
  • Existing resources and specialized departments are valuable but potentially insufficient for national coverage.
  • Geographical distribution and patient access to timely care are significant concerns.

Outlook:

  • Expansion of specialized Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Heart departments within IMSS highly specialized units is recommended.
  • Implementing a decentralized model of specialized care could improve medical coverage and reduce patient wait times.
  • Further development of national strategies is needed to ensure equitable access to advanced PH treatment.