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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

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Navigating recovery while postpartum: examining the relationship between maternal functioning and substance use

Leah A Holcomb1, Rachel Mayo2, Bonnie Treado2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|November 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Postpartum individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) show lower maternal functioning. The Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) is reliable for assessing postpartum mothers in SUD recovery.

Keywords:
Substance use disordermaternal functioningmental healthperinatalscreening

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Health
  • Maternal Mental Health
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Limited understanding of maternal functioning in postpartum individuals with substance use disorder (SUD).
  • High rates of overdose deaths in postpartum populations necessitate further research.
  • Need for reliable tools to assess maternal functioning in this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the impact of SUD on maternal functioning in postpartum individuals.
  • To examine the reliability of the Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) for postpartum individuals with SUDs.
  • To compare maternal functioning between postpartum individuals with and without SUDs.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, cross-sectional survey design.
  • Administered the BIMF and a demographic questionnaire.
  • Included postpartum individuals with SUD (n=48) and without SUD (n=93).

Main Results:

  • The BIMF demonstrated good internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = .86).
  • Postpartum individuals with SUD reported significantly lower maternal functioning (8-point lower BIMF score) compared to those without SUD.
  • Both groups reported moderately high BIMF scores, indicating generally adequate functioning.

Conclusions:

  • SUD is associated with diminished maternal functioning in the postpartum period.
  • The BIMF is a reliable tool for assessing maternal functioning in postpartum individuals with SUD.
  • Integrating the BIMF into care can offer a holistic view of postpartum experiences for mothers in SUD recovery.