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Adaptive plasticity in primate spinal stretch reflex: persistence.

J R Wolpaw, J A O'Keefe, P A Noonan

    Journal of Neurophysiology
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Monkeys can adjust their spinal stretch reflex (SSR) amplitude over time. Even after breaks in training, these learned changes in SSR amplitude largely persisted, showing robust motor learning.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Motor Control
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • The spinal stretch reflex (SSR) amplitude in monkeys can be gradually modified through training.
    • These modifications develop slowly over months and can reverse at similar rates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the persistence of SSR amplitude changes during non-performance periods.
    • To understand how extended breaks affect learned adjustments in the spinal stretch reflex.

    Main Methods:

    • Monkeys were trained to modulate biceps SSR amplitude using operant conditioning with reward contingencies.
    • Training involved periods of control, SSR increase, and SSR decrease modes, interspersed with nonperformance gaps of up to 38 days.
    • Electromyography (EMG) recorded biceps activity to quantify SSR amplitude.

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    Main Results:

    • Animals gradually adapted SSR amplitude according to the training mode (increase or decrease).
    • Nonperformance gaps of up to 38 days resulted in transient, nonspecific decreases in SSR amplitude (10-15%) under control conditions.
    • These transient decreases resolved within the first week of post-gap performance, with no other significant effects on SSR amplitude.

    Conclusions:

    • Learned changes in spinal stretch reflex amplitude demonstrate significant persistence even after substantial periods without performance.
    • The motor system exhibits robust adaptation and retention of learned motor behaviors, with minor transient effects from performance interruptions.