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Lateral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A case report

Emanuela Belmonte1, Luca Arcari1,2, Giovanni Camastra1

  • 1Cardiology Unit, Madre Giuseppina Vannini Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Heliyon
|November 7, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetic heart condition, can present atypically. This case highlights a rare lateral wall HCM phenotype diagnosed using cardiac MRI, emphasizing hypertension

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease, typically characterized by asymmetrical septal hypertrophy.
  • Arterial hypertension is a prevalent comorbidity, but its interaction with HCM phenotypes requires further elucidation.

Observation:

  • A patient with arterial hypertension presented with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome, including chest pain, ECG changes, and elevated troponin.
  • Diagnostic work-up excluded ischemic heart disease, revealing a rare hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) phenotype involving the left ventricle's lateral wall.

Findings:

  • Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) demonstrated significant diagnostic value through advanced tissue characterization techniques.
  • Native T1 mapping identified diffuse myocardial fibrosis, T2 mapping revealed edema, and late gadolinium enhancement indicated replacement fibrosis, providing prognostic insights.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the utility of CMR in diagnosing rare HCM phenotypes and assessing myocardial tissue characteristics.
  • The findings suggest a potential association between arterial hypertension and atypical HCM presentations, warranting further investigation into their complex interplay.

Keywords:
Cardiac magnetic resonance imagingCase reportEchocardiographyLateral hypertrophic cardiomyopathyT1 mapping

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