Marchiafava-Bignami disease with typical imaging findings: A case report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neuroimaging
• Toxicology

Background:

• Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare neurological disorder.
• It is characterized by demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum.
• MBD is typically linked to chronic alcoholism and malnutrition.

Observation:

• A 48-year-old male with a history of chronic alcoholism presented with neurological symptoms.
• Symptoms included confusion, stupor, object manipulation difficulties, and balance disorders over 10 days.
• Brain MRI revealed extensive and symmetrical corpus callosum involvement.

Findings:

• The MRI findings were consistent with a severe presentation of Marchiafava-Bignami disease.
• The case demonstrates the characteristic corpus callosum pathology of MBD.
• Diagnostic imaging is crucial for identifying MBD.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of neuroimaging in diagnosing Marchiafava-Bignami disease.
• Understanding MBD's presentation aids in early detection and management.
• Further research into MBD pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.