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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Surface-Reconstructed CdNNi3 Antiperovskite Electrocatalyst: Unlocking Ampere-Level Current Density for Hydrogen

Jiaxi Zhang1, Yuanhua Tu1, Longhai Zhang1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

ACS Nano
|November 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

We developed a highly conductive antiperovskite CdNNi3 electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This material unlocks ampere-scale current densities with excellent activity and durability, minimizing ohmic losses.

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ampere-level current densityantiperovskite nitrideelectrocatalysthydrogen evolutionsurface reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Ohmic loss in catalyst layers hinders large-current-density hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) efficiency.
  • Development of highly conductive electrocatalysts is critical for overcoming this limitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen and evaluate a highly conductive antiperovskite material, CdNNi3, as an efficient electrocatalyst for HER.
  • To investigate the performance and stability of CdNNi3 at ampere-scale current densities.
  • To explore the surface reconstruction phenomena during alkaline HER.

Main Methods:

  • Computational screening of antiperovskite materials.
  • Electrochemical characterization of CdNNi3 for HER.
  • Fabrication and testing of anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers.
  • Theoretical analysis using density functional theory (DFT).

Main Results:

  • CdNNi3 demonstrated high conductivity and negligible ohmic loss, functioning as an active and durable HER electrocatalyst.
  • Achieved an overpotential of 235 mV at 1 A cm-2 with sustained performance over 400 hours.
  • CdNNi3-based electrolyzer showed a 160 mV lower cell voltage than Pt/C at 1 A cm-2.
  • Discovered dynamic surface reconstruction of antiperovskite nitrides, with Cd optimizing active sites for enhanced HER.

Conclusions:

  • Antiperovskite CdNNi3 is a promising electrocatalyst for large-current-density HER, significantly reducing ohmic losses.
  • The material's performance is attributed to its conductivity and dynamic surface reconstruction, which facilitates water dissociation.
  • CdNNi3 offers a viable alternative to noble metal catalysts for efficient hydrogen production.