E-cadherin Single Nucleotide Variants Are Associated with Increasing Susceptibility to Periodontitis

To investigate the association of E-cadherin single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with periodontitis and the potential of these SNPs for identifying susceptibility to periodontitis.

Periodontal clinical parameters were recorded followed by collecting venous blood for DNA extraction. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify target segments of the E-cadherin gene. Determination of the genotype and allele frequencies was performed using Sanger sequencing. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism (version 9) using a statistically significant difference of p < 0.05.

A total of 207 participants were recruited into two groups of healthy controls (n = 105) and cases diagnosed with periodontitis stage 2 or 3, grade B or C (n = 102). Analyses indicated that the genotypes and alleles of rs3743674 and rs5030625 E-cadherin SNPs were significantly associated with periodontitis. Results from a binary regression model suggested that the presence of these SNPs may indicate susceptibility to periodontitis and increase the rate of progression. Linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated that E-cadherin variants rs3743674 and rs5030625, and rs10272115 and rs16260 were correlated in a nonrandom manner (r ² = 0.638 and 0.495, respectively).

E-cadherin gene variants, rs3743674 and rs5030625, were associated with the periodontitis phenotype. These biomarkers may identify individuals susceptible to periodontitis and the rate of disease progression.