Early and high-throughput plant diagnostics: strategies for disease detection

The rising global occurrence of plant pathogens highlights the need for a thorough reassessment of current disease detection and management schemes. To that end, we review the utility and limitations of the available sensing platforms deployed for phytodiagnostics in the field. We also discuss recent advances in the use of broad-spectrum biomarkers such as phytohormones and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and assess the feasibility of deploying these platforms on a large scale. Because these platforms are often complementary, we propose a compressed sensing approach that combines several sensing platforms to manage plant pathogens while minimizing additional costs. Finally, we provide an outlook for the potential benefits of integrating new sensing technologies into farming for timely interventions.