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Developing Screen-Printing Processes for Silver Electrodes Towards All-Solution Coating Processes for Solar Cells.

Tsui-Yun Chung1, Hou-Chin Cha2,3, Chih-Min Chuang4

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|November 9, 2024
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Summary

Screen printing offers a cost-effective method for fabricating high-efficiency solar cell electrodes. This approach enables comparable performance to thermal evaporation, reducing production costs and energy consumption for organic and perovskite solar cells.

Keywords:
near-infrared annealingorganic photovoltaicperovskite solar cellscreen printingslot-die coating

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy Engineering
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Third-generation solar cells show increasing efficiency, presenting a promising renewable energy source.
  • Current high-efficiency solar cells often utilize thermal evaporation for top electrodes, a costly and energy-intensive vacuum process unsuitable for mass production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective, scalable method for fabricating solar cell electrodes using screen printing.
  • To achieve comparable device efficiencies to thermal evaporation using an all-solution coating process.

Main Methods:

  • Screen printing of silver electrodes with optimized blocking layers.
  • Near-infrared (NIR) annealing for rapid curing of silver ink.
  • Sheet-to-sheet (S2S) slot-die coating for device area scaling.
  • Application to organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

Main Results:

  • Screen-printed silver electrodes achieved efficiencies comparable to thermally evaporated electrodes in OPVs.
  • NIR annealing reduced silver ink curing time from 30 minutes to 5 seconds.
  • Successfully scaled up device area using S2S slot-die coating and verified module stability in ambient air.

Conclusions:

  • Screen printing provides a viable, low-cost alternative for fabricating high-performance solar cell electrodes.
  • The developed NIR annealing and S2S coating methods enable efficient, scalable production.
  • The technology is applicable to both organic photovoltaics and perovskite solar cells, broadening its impact.