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Age-Related Increase in Type C Tympanogram.

Taeuk Cheon¹, Ju Ha Park¹, Ji Seop Lee¹

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|November 9, 2024

Summary

Aging significantly increases the incidence of type C tympanograms, indicating potential middle ear dysfunction in older adults. This age-related change is linked to poorer hearing thresholds, highlighting the need for tympanometric screening.

Keywords:

KNHANES aging middle ear dysfunction tympanometry type C tympanogram

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Gerontology
Audiology

Background:

Investigates the link between aging and middle ear function.
Focuses on the prevalence of type C tympanograms in older populations.
Utilizes data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the association between advancing age and the occurrence of type C tympanograms.
To identify age as a risk factor for middle ear dysfunction.
To explore the relationship between type C tympanograms and hearing thresholds.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 2019-2022 KNHANES data from 26,738 ears (individuals aged 40+).
Tympanometry at 226 Hz to identify type C tympanograms (peak pressure < -100 daPa).
Multiple logistic regression adjusted for confounders (sex, smoking, allergies, sinusitis, lifestyle diseases).

Main Results:

Type C tympanogram incidence significantly increased with age (R² = 0.953, p < 0.001).
Age was the primary significant factor (p < 0.001, OR 1.052); other factors were not significant.
Ears with type C tympanograms showed significantly poorer hearing thresholds than type A (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Aging is strongly associated with increased type C tympanograms, suggesting age-related middle ear dysfunction.
The link between type C tympanograms and poorer hearing implies middle ear changes contribute to hearing loss.
Tympanometric screening in older adults could enable early detection and management of middle ear issues, improving hearing and quality of life.