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Optimized Phosphorus Application Enhances Wheat Stem Lodging Resistance Under Spring Low-Temperature Stress
Xiang Chen1, Qianqian Liu1, Baoqiang Zheng1
1College of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
Summary
Optimized phosphorus application (OPA) enhances wheat stem lodging resistance under spring low-temperature stress (LTS). This method improves stem structure and composition, increasing yield and mitigating LTS damage.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Agronomy
Background:
- Spring low-temperature stress (LTS) significantly limits wheat yield, quality, and efficiency by negatively impacting plant development and lodging resistance.
- Stem lodging, exacerbated by LTS, poses a major threat to wheat production, affecting mechanical strength and overall plant integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of different phosphorus fertilizer application modes on wheat stem lodging resistance under spring LTS conditions.
- To compare the effectiveness of traditional phosphorus application (TPA) versus optimized phosphorus application (OPA) in mitigating LTS effects on wheat.
Main Methods:
- A field pot experiment was conducted using two wheat varieties (YN19, cold-tolerant; XM26, cold-sensitive) under controlled temperature conditions (-4 °C for LTS, 15 °C for control).
- Two phosphorus application modes, TPA and OPA, were applied.
- Evaluated stem mechanical strength, anatomical structure, chemical composition, and lodging resistance index.
Main Results:
- Spring LTS reduced stem wall thickness, internode fullness, mechanical strength, and lodging resistance index.
- OPA significantly increased stem wall thickness, internode fullness, mechanical tissue layer thickness, vascular bundle area, and lignin, cellulose, and soluble sugar content compared to TPA.
- OPA enhanced the lodging resistance index of wheat stems by up to 27.27% under LTS and increased grain yield both with and without LTS.
Conclusions:
- Optimized phosphorus application (OPA) effectively enhances wheat stem lodging resistance under spring low-temperature stress (LTS).
- OPA improves stem morphological characteristics, anatomical structure, and chemical composition, thereby alleviating LTS-induced damage and yield loss.
- This strategy is practical for improving wheat resilience to low-temperature stress and boosting overall production.
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