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Human schedule-induced cardiovascular response.

R Spiga, A Zeichner, J D Allen

    Physiology & Behavior
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study investigated physiological responses during a vigilance task. Cardiovascular changes like vasoconstriction and heart rate shifts occurred after target detection, with some differences between fixed and random schedules.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral neuroscience
    • Psychophysiology
    • Human performance

    Background:

    • Schedule-induced behavior is a phenomenon where behavior is maintained by schedules of reinforcement.
    • Understanding the physiological underpinnings of such behaviors is crucial for arousal theories.
    • Previous research has explored various physiological correlates, but comprehensive cardiovascular and muscle activity monitoring in human vigilance tasks under different schedules is less common.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine cardiovascular and muscle activity responses during a human vigilance task.
    • To compare these physiological responses under fixed-interval versus random-interval reinforcement schedules.
    • To explore the implications for arousal theories of schedule-induced behavior.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Sixty-six students participated in a vigilance task with target detection.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to either a fixed-interval (FI) or random-interval (RI) 90-sec schedule.
  • Physiological measures included interbeat interval (heart rate), masseter electromyography (EMG) activity, blood pressure, and digital blood volume pulse.

    • Main Results:

    • Vasoconstriction occurred 4-6 seconds post-target detection in most participants across both schedules.
    • Vasomotor tone returned to baseline levels approximately 16 seconds after target detection.
    • Transient heart rate increases were more frequent in the FI group than the RI group.
    • Post-event masseter activity was infrequent and observed only in the FI group.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiovascular responses are involved in human schedule-induced behavior during vigilance tasks.
    • The findings support the role of physiological arousal in schedule-induced behaviors.
    • Differences in responses between FI and RI schedules suggest distinct arousal patterns may be associated with different reinforcement contingencies.