Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

From Sensing to Sense-Making: A Framework for On-Person Intelligence with Wearable Biosensors and Edge LLMs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Urgent, hurry up!!! Perceived time pressure affects fine motor performance via subjective distress in U.S. adults.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026

Same author

Inferring Mental States via Linear and Non-Linear Body Movement Dynamics: A Pilot Study.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Psychological, physical, and cognitive factors that influence tactical performance during a military relevant virtual reality scenario.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2025

Same author

Military applications of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for enhanced multitasking performance.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2025

Same author

Artificial intelligence and computer-aided diagnosis in diagnostic decisions: 5 questions for medical informatics and human-computer interface research.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Measuring the Switch Cost of Smartphone Use While Walking

Measuring the Switch Cost of Smartphone Use While Walking

Published on: April 30, 2020

One hour walk improves inhibitory control and increases prefrontal cortex activation.

Elizabeth Roe¹, James McIntyre¹, Kell Grandjean da Costa¹

¹Center for Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences (CABCS), Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.

Brain and Cognition

|November 10, 2024

Summary

Longer exercise sessions, like walking at or below the ventilatory threshold (VT), can impact cognitive function. Performance may improve or decline depending on the specific cognitive task and exercise intensity.

Keywords:

Cognition Exercise Inhibitory control Near-infrared spectroscopy Processing speed

More Related Videos

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Published on: February 6, 2019

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Published on: September 11, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Measuring the Switch Cost of Smartphone Use While Walking

Measuring the Switch Cost of Smartphone Use While Walking

Published on: April 30, 2020

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Published on: February 6, 2019

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Published on: September 11, 2017

Area of Science:

Exercise science
Cognitive neuroscience
Human physiology

Background:

Regular physical activity enhances physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
Walking is an accessible exercise for meeting activity recommendations and boosting cognition.
Limited research exists on cognitive impacts during prolonged exercise durations exceeding 30 minutes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of one-hour walking exercise at and below the ventilatory threshold (VT) on cognitive performance.
To examine prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during prolonged exercise using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
To understand how exercise intensity and duration influence executive functions.

Main Methods:

36 participants (civilians and soldiers) underwent a VO2 max test.
Participants completed two one-hour walks: one at VT and one below VT.
Cognitive tasks (Go/No-Go, Task-Switching) and NIRS were used to assess performance and PFC activity before, during, and after exercise.

Main Results:

Walking at VT improved response speed on the Go/No-Go task but reduced accuracy compared to sub-VT walking.
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) showed deactivation during the Task-Switching Task, potentially due to resource competition.
Cognitive performance and PFC activation varied based on task type and exercise intensity.

Conclusions:

Prolonged exercise at or below VT can differentially affect cognitive functions.
Exercise intensity and task demands influence cognitive performance and neural activation in executive function areas.
Understanding these effects is crucial for optimizing exercise protocols for cognitive benefits.