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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

Genomics

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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Next-generation Sequencing

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Gene Flow

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Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

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Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Published on: March 8, 2018

Current status and trends in forest genomics.

Dulal Borthakur¹, Victor Busov², Xuan Hieu Cao³

¹Dulal Borthakur, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

Forestry Research

|November 11, 2024

Summary

Forest genomics research is rapidly advancing, utilizing new technologies to improve forest productivity and climate change adaptation. This review covers 12 branches, highlighting future directions for integrative genomics in forest biology.

Keywords:

CRISPR-mediated genome editing Forest genetic diversity and climate adaption Genome assembly Haploid induction Perennial growth and seasonality regulation QTL, association Studies, and genomic selection Single cell RNA-seq Systems biology and data analysis Transformation and regeneration Wood formation

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Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

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Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

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The Use of Induced Somatic Sector Analysis ISSA for Studying Genes and Promoters Involved in Wood Formation and Secondary Stem Development

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Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

Area of Science:

Forestry
Genomics
Plant Biotechnology

Background:

Forest ecosystems are vital but threatened by climate change, deforestation, and degradation.
Forest genomics offers solutions for enhancing forest productivity and climate resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the advancement and current status of 12 research branches in forest genomics.
To provide future research directions and focuses for each area.

Main Methods:

High-throughput sequencing technologies
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)
CRISPR-mediated genome editing
Spatial transcriptomics
Bioinformatics analysis
Plant biotechnology

Main Results:

Rapid advancements in forest genomics over the last two decades.
Generation of multidimensional, multilayered, and spatiotemporal gene expression data.
Enabling elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.

Conclusions:

A shift towards advanced, integrative genomics research in forestry is emerging.
New setups are being established for investigating spatiotemporal development and differentiation in forest genomics.