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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Heart Failure in Patients Diagnosed with Hyperthyroidism: A Systematic Review and

Si Wei David Fan1, Leong Tung Ong1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Touchreviews in Endocrinology
|November 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Heart failure affects 8% of hyperthyroidism patients, with atrial fibrillation being the most frequent risk factor. Understanding these risks is crucial for managing cardiovascular complications in hyperthyroidism.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism significantly impacts cardiovascular health, leading to conditions like thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy.
  • This can manifest as atrial fibrillation, left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and potentially heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of heart failure in individuals with hyperthyroidism.
  • To identify associated risk factors for heart failure in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was performed across PubMed, SCOPUS, and Ovid SP databases.
  • Data from 30,889 patients were meta-analyzed to calculate pooled prevalence and odds ratios for risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of heart failure in hyperthyroidism patients was 8%.
  • Prevalence varied slightly based on treatment: radioactive iodine ablation (8%), antithyroid medication (6%), and thyroidectomy (4%).
  • Key risk factors identified include atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, anemia, hypertension, stroke history, and diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions:

  • Heart failure is present in 8% of hyperthyroidism cases.
  • Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent risk factor associated with heart failure in hyperthyroidism.

Keywords:
Graves’ diseaseheart failurehyperthyroidismprevalencerisk factorstreatment

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