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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

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Maternal mortality in Panama from 1998 to 2022.

Yovani Chavez1, Tania Herrera2

  • 1Sistema Nacional de Investigación Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT)/Universidad Metropolitana de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología Panama City Panama Sistema Nacional de Investigación, Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT)/Universidad Metropolitana de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología, Panama City, Panama.

Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica = Pan American Journal of Public Health
|November 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal mortality in Panama is primarily due to preventable direct obstetric causes. Despite meeting Sustainable Development Goals, disparities in healthcare access, particularly in indigenous regions, persist, requiring targeted interventions.

Keywords:
International Classification of DiseasesMaternal mortalityPanamacause of deathreproductive health servicessustainable development indicators

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Maternal mortality remains a critical global health issue.
  • Understanding the causes and trends of maternal deaths is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze maternal mortality trends in Panama from 1998 to 2022.
  • To identify the primary causes of direct and indirect obstetric deaths and contributory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using 25-year public data from Panama's National Institute of Statistics and Census (1998-2022).
  • Analysis of maternal deaths categorized by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD) codes.
  • Calculation of maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and trendline reliability (R²).

Main Results:

  • A total of 1,026 maternal deaths were recorded; 61.2% were direct obstetric causes, 23.9% indirect, and 13.6% contributory.
  • Average MMR was 60.1, meeting the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals target.
  • Leading direct causes included postpartum hemorrhage (12.9%), eclampsia (9.2%), and puerperal sepsis (6.7%).

Conclusions:

  • Direct obstetric causes are the leading, yet preventable, contributors to maternal mortality in Panama.
  • Significant healthcare access disparities exist, especially in indigenous comarcas, despite overall progress towards SDG targets.
  • Future research should explore indirect causes, health system resilience, and socioeconomic factors influencing maternal outcomes.