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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Experimental Quantum Simulation of Multicriticality in Closed and Open Rabi Model.

Ze Wu1,2, Changsheng Hu3, Tianyun Wang1,2

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, <a href="https://ror.org/04c4dkn09">University of Science and Technology of China</a>, Hefei 230026, China.

Physical Review Letters
|November 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers experimentally demonstrated quantum tricritical phenomena in both closed and open systems using nuclear magnetic resonance quantum simulators. Dissipation in open systems creates novel multicritical behavior, splitting phase transition lines and doubling tricritical points.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Quantum multicriticality is crucial for fundamental research and quantum technologies.
  • Experimental demonstration of multicritical phenomena in light-matter systems is challenging due to strong coupling requirements.
  • Previous studies predicted multicriticality, but experimental validation was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate tricritical phenomena in closed and open quantum systems.
  • To investigate the role of dissipation in quantum multicriticality.
  • To explore the two-axis Rabi model in a quantum simulator.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of the quantum adiabatic algorithm.
  • Application of the dissipative-system variational quantum algorithm.
  • Utilizing a nuclear magnetic resonance quantum simulator.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of tricritical phenomena in both closed and open systems.
  • Dissipation was shown to induce novel multicritical phenomena beyond decoherence.
  • Dissipation splits the first-order phase transition line and doubles the tricritical point in the Rabi model.

Conclusions:

  • Provides a feasible technique for engineering open quantum systems.
  • Opens new avenues for exploring nonequilibrium many-body physics.
  • Highlights the significant impact of dissipation on quantum phase transitions and multicriticality.