Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 7, 2025
09:12
Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
Published on: March 17, 2019
9.4K
Choice versus no choice: Practical considerations for increasing choices
Ji Young Kim1, Cody Morris2, Megan E Ellsworth2
1School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA.
Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|November 12, 2024
Summary
Providing behavior-analytic treatment with choices enhances engagement. Factors like option size, timing, and reinforcement history influence preferences for choice, but individual needs require further study.
Area of Science:
- Behavior analysis
- Applied behavior analysis
- Psychology
Background:
- Choice-making is a fundamental behavior with applications in behavior-analytic treatment.
- Incorporating choices can involve selecting from various items, activities, or tasks.
- Understanding preferences for choice versus no-choice conditions is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and analyze characteristics of behavior-analytic studies comparing choice and no-choice conditions.
- To identify factors influencing preferences for choice or no choice in treatment settings.
- To synthesize findings on experimental arrangements and their impact on choice behavior.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 38 behavior-analytic articles.
- Coding of experimental arrangements in choice and no-choice conditions.
- Analysis of factors affecting preferences for choice and no choice.
Main Results:
- Variations observed in the sizing of alternatives, timing of choice opportunities, and delivery of chosen options.
- Preferences for choice were influenced by differential reinforcement history.
- Response effort manipulations affected preferences for choice or no choice.
Conclusions:
- Individual variables significantly impact the effectiveness of providing choices in behavior-analytic interventions.
- Further research is necessary to fully understand and optimize the use of choice in treatment.
- Consideration of specific client characteristics is recommended when implementing choice-based strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:52Persuasion Strategies
38.5K
Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
38.5K
01:37Reason and Intuition
6.4K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.4K
01:25The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic
7.2K
In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
7.2K
01:30Ethical Dilemmas II
937
Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
937
01:08The Availability Heuristic
5.9K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
5.9K
01:46Types of Selection
40.2K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
40.2K