Visualizing Scholarly Trends in Electronic Health (eHealth) Business Models: A Bibliometric Analysis

The integration of digital health technologies with innovative business models became a crucial driver in the transformation of healthcare service delivery and management worldwide. As the adoption of electronic health (eHealth) solutions grows, there is increasing scholarly interest in understanding and optimizing these models. This paper reviewed the literature on eHealth business models from 1991 to 2024 through a bibliometric analysis of 1,118 documents published across 711 sources. The analysis primarily focused on journal articles and conference papers, utilizing VOSviewer (Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, NLD) and Biblioshiny (Bibliometrix, Naples, ITA) to explore emerging trends, influential authors, and prominent sources. The results revealed a significant rise in research output, especially post-2007, with a peak during the COVID-19 pandemic. Key emerging themes included telemedicine, digital health, and information management, with a strong emphasis on international collaborations, particularly among countries in Europe, North America, and Asia. This study provided valuable insights into the evolution of eHealth business models, highlighting the importance of international and multidisciplinary approaches in this rapidly evolving field.