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A surface modified laser-induced graphene based flexible biosensor for multiplexed sweat analysis.

Sudipta Choudhury1, Saad Zafar2, Deepak Deepak1

  • 1Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Deemed to be University, Delhi-NCR, Greater Noida, 201314, India. susanta.roy@snu.edu.in.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|November 13, 2024
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Summary

A new electrochemical sensor using NiO-Ti3C2Tx MXene-modified flexible laser-induced graphene detects multiple biomarkers in sweat. This cost-efficient sensor offers high performance for continuous health monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biosensors

Background:

  • Electrochemical sensors are popular for non-invasive biosensing and continuous monitoring of bodily fluid biomarkers for early disease detection.
  • Detecting multiple biomarkers in complex biofluids requires high-density arrays, posing challenges for cost-effective fabrication.
  • Conventional laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes face degrading constraints, limiting their application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-efficient, high-performance electrochemical sensor for analyzing ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA) in human sweat.
  • To overcome fabrication challenges and performance limitations of existing sensors.
  • To enable separate and concurrent analysis of multiple biomarkers using a novel electrode modification.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a flexible laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode modified with NiO-Ti3C2Tx MXene.
  • Utilized cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry for electrochemical analysis.
  • Tested the sensor's performance in synthetic sweat samples for biomarker detection.

Main Results:

  • The NiO-Ti3C2Tx/LIG electrode demonstrated enhanced electrocatalytic activity for AA, DA, and UA oxidation.
  • Achieved low limits of detection (LOD): 16 μM for AA, 1.97 μM for DA, and 0.78 μM for UA.
  • The sensor showed high sensitivity and effectiveness for analyzing target biomarkers in sweat.

Conclusions:

  • The developed NiO-Ti3C2Tx/LIG sensor provides a cost-efficient and high-performance solution for multi-biomarker detection in sweat.
  • This flexible sensor mitigates the limitations of conventional LIG electrodes.
  • It holds significant promise for applications in wearable electronics for continuous health monitoring.