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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

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Drought-tolerant wheat for enhancing global food security.

Abhishek Bohra1, Mukesh Choudhary2, Dion Bennett3

  • 1ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India. Abhishek.Bohra@icar.gov.in.

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|November 13, 2024
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Climate change threatens global wheat yields, impacting food security. Advances in wheat genetics and breeding offer new tools to develop drought-tolerant varieties, safeguarding future harvests.

Keywords:
BreedingDroughtGenesGenomeResponseSelectionWheat

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Wheat is a vital global food source, providing 20% of world calories and protein.
  • Climate change, particularly increased drought, poses a significant threat to wheat production and global food security.
  • Projected 60% increase in drought-affected wheat-growing areas by 2100 necessitates adaptive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of wheat's response to drought stress.
  • To highlight advancements in genetic and phenotyping tools for drought tolerance.
  • To explore opportunities for breeding climate-resilient wheat varieties.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of wheat genetics, multi-omics, and phenotyping research.
  • Analysis of genomic regions, candidate genes, and molecular pathways involved in drought tolerance.
  • Evaluation of novel breeding techniques and selection tools for drought resistance.

Main Results:

  • Drought significantly impacts wheat's morphological, physiological, and molecular functions, reducing yields.
  • Key genomic regions, genes, and signaling networks governing drought tolerance have been identified.
  • Development of robust, low-cost selection tools for screening drought tolerance traits in wheat.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic and breeding advancements provide opportunities to develop wheat varieties resilient to drought.
  • New wheat varieties can enhance crop diversity and ensure sustainable yields in arid environments.
  • Breeding for drought tolerance is crucial for maintaining global food security amidst climate change.