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Long wavelength distributed feedback tapered quantum cascade lasers.

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    We developed distributed feedback tapered quantum cascade lasers emitting at 14 µm. These lasers show improved output power, reduced beam divergence, and stable single-mode operation near room temperature.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Semiconductor device physics

    Background:

    • Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are crucial for mid-infrared applications.
    • Distributed feedback (DFB) mechanisms enable single-mode emission.
    • Tapered designs can enhance power and beam quality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the performance of DFB tapered quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) at 14 µm.
    • To optimize taper angles for improved output power and beam characteristics.
    • To achieve stable, single-mode, continuous-wave (CW) operation.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of DFB QCLs with varying taper angles (0°–3°).
    • Characterization of output power, beam divergence, and beam quality (M²).
    • Evaluation of single longitudinal mode operation using Bragg gratings and side-mode suppression ratios (SMSR).

    Main Results:

    • Output power scaled with active zone volume for different taper angles.
    • Reduced beam divergence angles as low as 4.2° were achieved.
    • Diffraction-limited beam quality (M² ≈ 1) was demonstrated.
    • Continuous-wave operation up to nearly room temperature was achieved.
    • High side-mode suppression ratios (>20 dB) confirmed single-mode operation.

    Conclusions:

    • Tapered DFB QCLs offer a viable route to high-power, high-beam-quality mid-infrared sources.
    • Optimized tapering enhances laser performance metrics significantly.
    • These lasers are promising for applications requiring stable, single-mode emission in the 14 µm range.