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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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The role of the polybromo-associated BAF complex in development.

JinYoung Park1,2, Jacob G Kirkland1,2

  • 1Cell Cycle and Cancer Biology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire
|November 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The polybromo-associated BAF (pBAF) complex, a chromatin remodeler, is crucial for cell development. Its specific subunits regulate gene expression, impacting tissue development and differentiation, offering insights into developmental biology.

Keywords:
SWI/SNFchromatindevelopmentepigeneticspBAFpolybromo

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chromatin structure dynamically regulates gene transcription during development.
  • The SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex is a key ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler essential for development.
  • BRG1, a catalytic subunit of SWI/SNF, is vital for most cell lineages, and mutations in SWI/SNF subunits are linked to human developmental diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of polybromo-associated BAF (pBAF) complex-specific subunits in development.
  • To understand how pBAF subunits influence gene regulation during cell differentiation and tissue development.
  • To highlight the pBAF complex as a potential target for understanding developmental gene regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on SWI/SNF complexes and pBAF subunits.
  • Analysis of genetic alterations in pBAF subunits and their developmental consequences.
  • Focus on the regulatory functions of pBAF-specific subunits in gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Genetic alterations in pBAF subunits lead to tissue-specific developmental failures.
  • The pBAF complex plays a critical role in development and differentiation.
  • pBAF subunits influence developmental gene expression patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The pBAF complex is essential for normal development and differentiation.
  • Studying pBAF-specific subunits provides insights into developmental gene regulation.
  • pBAF complex dysfunction contributes to developmental disorders.