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A Multifunctional Na₂Se/Zn-Mn Skeleton Enables Processable and Highly Reversible Sodium Metal Anode.

Samia Aman^1,2, Sikandar Iqbal^1,2, Aadil Nabi Chishti^1,2

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|November 15, 2024

Summary

Researchers developed a novel Na2Se/Zn-Mn composite anode for sodium metal batteries. This material enhances battery processability, lifespan, and safety, enabling stable performance at high current densities.

Keywords:

Na metal anode controllable Na deposition high cyclic stability high sodiophilicity multifunctional skeleton

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Published on: April 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Sodium metal batteries (SMBs) offer high energy density but face challenges in processability, lifespan, and safety.
Modifying the sodium metal anode (SMA) with sodiophilic hosts is crucial for controlling interfacial reactions.
Existing SMAs often lack the necessary stability and uniform ion transport for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a multifunctional Na2Se/Zn-Mn skeleton as a sodiophilic host for improving SMA performance.
To fabricate a processable Na@Na2Se/Zn-Mn composite with enhanced stability and ionic conductivity.
To evaluate the electrochemical performance of the modified SMA in symmetric and full cells.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a Na@Na2Se/Zn-Mn composite via cold rolling/folding of Na metal and ZnMnSe alloy.
Characterization of the composite's structure, sodiophilicity, mechanical properties, and ionic conductivity.
Electrochemical testing of Na||Na symmetric cells and full cells with a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode.

Main Results:

The Na2Se/Zn-Mn composite exhibits excellent sodiophilicity, processability, mechanical strength, and ionic conductivity.
Na||Na symmetric cells achieved a high critical current density of 5.0 mA cm⁻² and a lifespan of 9000 h.
Full cells demonstrated a long cycle life of 2000 cycles at 10 C and high-rate capacity of ~61.6 mAh g⁻¹ at 30 C.

Conclusions:

The multifunctional Na2Se/Zn-Mn skeleton effectively addresses the limitations of traditional sodium metal anodes.
The developed composite enables stable sodium plating/stripping and enhances the overall performance of SMBs.
This work presents a promising strategy for advancing high-energy density and durable sodium metal batteries.