Guidelines for Orbital Defect Assessment and Patient-Specific Implant Design: Introducing OA² (Orbital Assessment...

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology and reconstructive surgery.
• Biomedical engineering and medical device technology.

Background:

• Reconstructive orbital surgery has evolved significantly over the past three decades.
• Post-traumatic orbital deformities present complex challenges in adult patients.
• Advancements in computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) are transforming the field.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolutionary development of reconstructive orbital surgery.
• To provide insights into modern post-traumatic orbital reconstruction techniques.
• To introduce the Orbital Assessment Algorithm (OA2) for enhanced decision-making.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of reconstructive orbital surgery.
• Analysis of the integration of 3D technology in surgical practices.
• Development and rationale of the proposed OA2.

Main Results:

• Significant progress in reconstructive orbital surgery, particularly with 3D technology.
• 3D technology enables virtual modeling, navigation, and patient-specific implants.
• The OA2 offers a structured approach to assessing and treating orbital deformities.

Conclusions:

• Computer-aided design and manufacturing are crucial for advancing orbital reconstruction.
• Integrating innovative design into implant manufacturing improves outcomes.
• The OA2 has the potential to guide surgeons and improve patient results in managing orbital deformities.