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Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Number Attraction in Pronoun Production.

Margaret Kandel1, Cassidy R Wyatt2, Colin Phillips2,3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Open Mind : Discoveries in Cognitive Science
|November 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pronoun form is determined by agreement with the antecedent, not just message-level representation. This explains why pronoun errors are rare in natural speech, unlike verb agreement errors.

Keywords:
agreement attractionlanguage productionpronounsreference determination

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Pronoun production involves selecting a referent and determining pronoun form.
  • Previous research suggests pronouns might be susceptible to agreement attraction errors, similar to verbs, but this is not observed in natural speech corpora.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether pronoun form determination is a byproduct of referent access or an agreement process.
  • To reconcile discrepancies between lab findings and natural speech observations regarding pronoun attraction errors.

Main Methods:

  • Elicited pronoun sentences using a scene description paradigm to simulate natural speech processes.
  • Conducted three experiments to observe pronoun number attraction effects.

Main Results:

  • Observed small but reliable number attraction effects for pronouns across experiments.
  • Elicited error rates were lower than those previously reported for verbs in similar paradigms.

Conclusions:

  • Pronoun form is not solely determined by the message-level representation of the referent.
  • Pronoun form determination involves an agreement process referencing the linguistic antecedent.
  • The findings help explain the lower rate of pronoun attraction errors in natural speech compared to verbs.