Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 21, 2026
11:40
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
Published on: April 1, 2014
14.8K
Unveiling Ruminococcus gnavus bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and implications
Kohei Kamegai1, Kayoko Hayakawa1, Sho Saito1
1Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan.
Summary
Ruminococcus gnavus bacteremia is often linked to intestinal issues. Investigating gastrointestinal lesions is crucial for diagnosing R. gnavus bloodstream infections of unknown origin.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Ruminococcus gnavus, a gram-positive coccus, is increasingly studied and linked to diseases like Crohn's.
- Limited clinical data exists for R. gnavus, with few case reports available.
- This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of R. gnavus infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the clinical significance of Ruminococcus gnavus.
- To describe the clinical characteristics of R. gnavus bacteremia.
- To identify potential sources and risk factors for R. gnavus bloodstream infections.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 11 patients with R. gnavus bacteremia (2013-2022).
- Exclusion of cases identified as contaminated.
- Literature review of 11 PubMed-reported R. gnavus bacteremia cases.
Main Results:
- Eleven cases of R. gnavus bloodstream infection were identified.
- The median patient age was 83 years.
- Intestinal lesions were present in 7 (63.6%) cases; bacterial translocation was suspected in most cases.
Conclusions:
- This is the largest cohort study on R. gnavus bloodstream infections.
- Intestinal entry was suspected in over 80% of cases across the study and literature cohorts.
- Gastrointestinal lesion examination is recommended for R. gnavus bacteremia of unknown etiology.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
01:18Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
01:25Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
01:22Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
01:26Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
01:25Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications
Duodenal UlcersDuodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer disease, presenting with chronic, intermittent epigastric pain. Pain typically appears 2–3 hours after meals, especially when the stomach is empty, often waking patients at night. It is characteristically relieved by food or antacids (“pain–food–relief”). Some patients remain asymptomatic until complications like bleeding or perforation emerge, particularly with NSAID or anticoagulant use.Gastric UlcersGastric ulcers share...