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Retinal arteriovenous malformation and cerebral cavernous malformation in a 6-year-old child
Wiktoria Milczyńska1, Nicole Tay1, Alexandros Kogiantis1
1Watford General Hospital, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust.
Insights
This case report details a rare retinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a child experiencing headaches. The AVM was confirmed alongside a concurrent brain cavernous malformation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Vascular Malformations
Background:
- Retinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon congenital vascular anomalies.
- These AVMs are typically nonhereditary and affect the retina.
Observation:
- A 6-year-old child presented with recurrent frontal headaches.
- Ophthalmic examination revealed a significant AVM inferior to the optic nerve head in the right eye.
Findings:
- Optical coherence tomography and retinal imaging confirmed the retinal AVM, measuring 3 disk diameters.
- Head MRI identified a coexisting cavernous malformation in the right frontal subcortical region.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential association between retinal AVMs and intracranial vascular anomalies.
- It underscores the importance of comprehensive neurovascular evaluation in pediatric patients with retinal AVMs.
Abstract:
Retinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare congenital, nonhereditary vascular anomalies of the retina. We report the case of a 6-year-old child presenting with recurrent frontal headaches. Funduscopy examination revealed an AVM in the right eye, inferior to the optic nerve head. Optical coherence tomography and retinal imaging confirmed the presence of an AVM measuring 3 disk diameters. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed a cavernous malformation in the right frontal subcortical region.
