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Atherosclerosis, calcific aortic valve disease and mitral annular calcification: same or different?
Anouar Hafiane1, Alessandro Pisaturo2, Elda Favari3
1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
International Journal of Cardiology
|November 18, 2024
Summary
Similarities exist in atherosclerosis, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), and mitral annular calcification (MAC) pathophysiology. Abrogating calcific extracellular vesicle shedding may offer a common therapeutic target for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Pathophysiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Atherosclerosis, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), and mitral annular calcification (MAC) share overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms.
- Therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis are more advanced than for CAVD and MAC.
- Common demographic, clinical, protein, and genetic factors link atherosclerosis and CAVD, with some overlap with MAC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the overlapping and distinct pathophysiologic pathways of atherosclerosis, CAVD, and MAC.
- To identify potential common therapeutic targets for these conditions.
- To highlight key areas requiring further research.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of existing literature on the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, CAVD, and MAC.
- Comparative analysis of shared and unique mechanisms across the three conditions.
- Identification of potential therapeutic targets based on mechanistic similarities.
Main Results:
- Significant pathophysiologic similarities exist among atherosclerosis, CAVD, and MAC.
- Atherosclerosis and CAVD share more common factors than either shares with MAC.
- Abrogating calcific extracellular vesicle shedding is proposed as a potential common therapeutic target.
Conclusions:
- Understanding shared pathways can inform the development of novel therapies for CAVD and MAC.
- Targeting extracellular vesicle shedding presents a promising avenue for treating all three conditions.
- Further research is crucial to validate these pathways and therapeutic strategies.
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