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Immunonutrition: future perspective in neurodegenerative disorders.

Carmen María Claro-Cala1,2, Fernando Rivero-Pino2,3, María Torrecillas-López2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.

Nutritional Neuroscience
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Diet and exercise impact brain health, improving memory and reducing neurodegeneration risk. Targeted nutrition, focusing on anti-inflammatory foods and specific nutrients, can modulate immune responses to potentially slow disease progression.

Keywords:
Neurodegenerative disordersantioxidantscognitive functionfunctional nutritionimmunonutritionneuroinflammationneuroprotectionoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Lifestyle factors like diet and exercise are linked to cognitive function and reduced neurodegeneration risk.
  • Neurodegenerative diseases are complex, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, often involving oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.
  • The interplay between nutrition, immunity, and neurological health is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in neuroscience and immunology concerning the role of diet and the immune system in brain health and disease.
  • To highlight the potential of personalized dietary interventions based on genomics, metabolomics, and microbiome research.
  • To explore how immunonutrition strategies can modulate immune responses and inflammatory pathways for neuroprotection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing findings from neuroscience, immunology, and nutrition research.
  • Analysis of the bidirectional relationship between nutrition, immune function, and neurological outcomes.
  • Identification of key nutrients and bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Main Results:

  • Diet significantly influences the immune system, which in turn impacts neurological health.
  • Specific dietary patterns and nutrients (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants) can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.
  • Advances in omics technologies enable personalized nutrition approaches for brain health.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted nutritional interventions hold potential for delaying or mitigating neurodegenerative disease progression by modulating immune responses.
  • Immunonutrition, focusing on specific nutrients and dietary components, is a promising strategy for supporting brain function and preventing cognitive decline.
  • Understanding the intricate links between diet, immunity, and the brain is crucial for developing effective preventative and therapeutic strategies.