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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

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Identifying colorectal cancer-specific vulnerabilities in the Wnt-driven long non-coding transcriptome.

Laura J Schwarzmueller1,2, Ronja S Adam1,2, Leandro F Moreno1,2

  • 1Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Gut
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Aberrant Wnt pathway activation drives colorectal cancer (CRC). Researchers identified a novel long non-coding RNA, LINC02418, crucial for CRC stem cell function and tumor growth, offering new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
colorectal cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Aberrant Wnt pathway signaling is a critical factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis, driving tumor progression.
  • While protein-coding targets of the Wnt cascade are known, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CRC remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively map the Wnt-regulated lncRNA transcriptome in colorectal cancer.
  • To identify and validate essential lncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for CRC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized global run-on sequencing to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulated by β-catenin in CRC.
  • Employed CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) dropout screens to assess the functional importance of specific lncRNAs in CRC cell expansion.

Main Results:

  • Discovered that LINC02418 is essential for the clonogenic growth of colorectal cancer cells.
  • Elucidated that LINC02418 promotes CRC stem cell characteristics by regulating MYC expression and inhibiting terminal differentiation.
  • Developed effective small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics targeting LINC02418 for in vivo application.

Conclusions:

  • Wnt-regulated lncRNAs specific to cancer present promising therapeutic avenues for targeting the Wnt pathway.
  • LINC02418 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for colorectal cancer, addressing limitations in current Wnt pathway inhibition strategies.