Analysis of Cesarean Section Ratios by Robson Classification

Cesarean section (CS) is a delivery method, which is used to avoid the complications of vaginal delivery, maternal and neonatal morbidity, and mortality. It has become the most applied surgical procedure both in Türkiye, and globally. In 2013, Robson et al. created the "Robson 10-Group Classification System" (TGCS) in Ireland to evaluate and standardize CS indications more easily.

The data for this retrospective study were collected from the records of women, who gave birth between January 1, 2019 and July 31, 2022 at Muğla University Education and Research Hospital. These data were classified according to the TGCS.

There were 4889 deliveries in our clinic between the specified dates. 3177 (64.98%) of these births were CS. When the CS ratio was evaluated as a percentage, the groups with the highest ratio were, respectively, Robson groups 9, 5, 7, and 8 (100%, 99.34%, 97.56%, and 96.92%). When the CS ratio was evaluated as a percentage, the group with the lowest ratio was Robson group 3 (21.5%). When numerically evaluated in terms of the effect on the CS number, the ranking was Robson groups 5, 1, and 2, respectively (1,053, 893, and 568).

The CS ratio of our clinic is above the mean for that of Türkiye, and the highest acceptable CS ratio according to the WHO. Since our clinic is the only university hospital in the city, all complicated pregnancies are referred to our clinic, with births also taking place there. In addition, behavior change would be appropriate both with respect to active birth management and the action required to reduce the CS ratio.