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Sub-cycle dynamics in two-color high-harmonic generation from laser-produced plasmas.

Jan Mathijssen, Edcel J Salumbides, Kjeld S E Eikema

    Optics Express
    |November 22, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in aluminum and tin plasmas produced both odd and even harmonics. Controlling the laser field

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    Area of Science:

    • Plasma Physics
    • Attosecond Science
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is a key process for generating ultrashort light pulses.
    • Understanding HHG in plasmas is crucial for advanced spectroscopy and attosecond science.
    • Previous studies have explored HHG in various media, but control over electron trajectories in plasmas remains an active research area.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in laser-produced aluminum and tin plasmas.
    • To explore the influence of a shaped two-color driving field on electron trajectories and harmonic emission.
    • To analyze the role of the Coulomb potential in intermediate harmonic generation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a two-color laser field with orthogonal polarization to drive HHG in aluminum and tin plasmas.

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  • Controlling the phase between the fundamental wave and its second harmonic to shape the driving field with sub-cycle resolution.
  • Analyzing the spectral and temporal characteristics of the generated high-order harmonics, focusing on intermediate orders.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed generation of both odd and even harmonics in aluminum and tin plasmas.
    • Demonstrated sub-cycle control over the effective drive field by adjusting the relative phase of the two-color field.
    • Detected clear oscillatory signals in HHG yields, with modulation depth and phase dependent on harmonic order.

    Conclusions:

    • The shape of the driving field significantly influences electron trajectories in laser-produced plasmas.
    • The Coulomb potential plays a substantial role in shaping electron dynamics for intermediate harmonic orders.
    • This work provides insights into controlling HHG in plasmas for potential applications in attosecond science.