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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Interferometry
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) interferometry is crucial for high-precision measurements.
    • Traditional phase demodulation algorithms face challenges with local measurement inaccuracies and robustness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a novel phase demodulation algorithm for OAM interferometry.
    • To achieve picometer-scale displacement measurements with enhanced accuracy and robustness.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an adaptive polar transform-based phase demodulation algorithm.
    • Conversion of rotational interference patterns to translational grayscale projection curves.
    • Utilizing correlation operations for precise pixel displacement and angle determination.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated picometer-scale displacement measurements (-120 nm to 120 nm) with high accuracy (minimum average deviation of 0.07 nm).
    • Investigated the impact of piezoelectric transducer alignment, threshold values, fringe occlusion, and CCD resolution.
    • The algorithm effectively addressed local measurement challenges inherent in traditional OAM interferometers.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed adaptive polar transform algorithm significantly improves measurement accuracy and robustness in OAM interferometry.
    • This method offers a more reliable approach for picometer-scale metrology applications.