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Cerebrospinal fluid lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple sclerosis.

M G Marrosu, C Cianchetti, M G Ennas

    Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show decreased T3+ (all-T) and T8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This reduction is significant in various MS disease stages and severity, indicating immune cell changes in MS patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Immunology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.
    • Immune cell populations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are crucial for understanding MS pathogenesis.
    • T-cell subsets, specifically T3+ (all-T) and T8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells, are implicated in immune responses within the CNS.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the levels of T3+ and T8+ cells in the CSF of multiple sclerosis patients.
    • To compare these T-cell populations between MS patients and individuals with non-immunological diseases (NID).
    • To analyze T-cell subset variations across different clinical classifications of MS.

    Main Methods:

    • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from 24 MS patients and 24 NID subjects.

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  • Flow cytometry was used to quantify T3+ (all-T) and T8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cell percentages.
  • MS patients were categorized based on disease phase, relapse status, progression, CSF IgG levels, and neurological impairment (Kurtzke scale).

    • Main Results:

    • A significant decrease in CSF T3+ cells was observed in MS patients overall compared to NID controls.
    • Specific MS subgroups showed significant reductions in T3+ cells: acute relapse (b), increased CSF IgG (d), and mild neurological impairment (f).
    • Significantly lower percentages of CSF T8+ cells were found in MS patients during the first episode (a), with increased CSF IgG (d), and mild neurological impairment (f) compared to NID.

    Conclusions:

    • Cerebrospinal fluid T-cell populations, particularly T3+ and T8+ cells, are altered in multiple sclerosis.
    • The reduction in these T-cell subsets is associated with specific clinical presentations and disease activity in MS.
    • These findings highlight the role of T-cell dysregulation in the immunopathology of multiple sclerosis.