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Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Synthesis of Plant Phenol-derived Polymeric Dyes for Direct or Mordant-based Hair Dyeing
Published on: December 1, 2016
Oxalate nephropathy associated with glyoxylate-containing hair-straightening products: a call for caution
Naim M Maalouf1, Jonathan M Whittamore2
1Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Abstract:
Recent reports have described acute kidney injury in otherwise healthy individuals after exposure to hair-straightening products. In this issue, Robert et al. help elucidate the underlying mechanisms in a murine model that replicates the human pathology. Cutaneous absorption of glyoxylic acid from hair-straightening products and its subsequent conversion to oxalate are identified as crucial steps in the development of oxalate nephropathy. This newly described "skin-kidney" axis expands our understanding of oxalate metabolism, calls for additional studies to explore susceptibility to acute kidney injury following cutaneous glyoxylate exposure, and warrants vigilance around the use of these products.
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